Reported Speech (Indirect Speech)

Reported Speech sering disebut Indirect Speech (Kalimat tidak langsung) ialah melaporkan apa yang dikatakan oleh oranglain secara tidak langsung. Cara membedakan antara Direct Speech dengan Indirect Speech sangat mudah. Jika dalam Quoted Speech atau lebih dikenal dengan Direct Speech (Kalimat Langsung) selalu menggunakan tanda petik (“ “) tetapi dalam Reported Speech/Indirect Speech tidak menggunakan Tanda petik . Untuk merubah Direct Speech menjadi Indirect Speech. Ada 4 hal yang mengalami perubahan, antara lain :

1.        Perubahan Struktur Kalimat (Structure)

2.       Tenses

3.       Kata Ganti Orang (Pronoun)

4.       Keterangan waktu dan tempat (Adv. of Time and Place)

Dalam merubah Direct Speech menjadi Indirect Speech selalu menggunakan Past Tense (Masa lampau).

1.       Berdasarkan Perubahan Struktur Kalimat (Structure).

Ø  Untuk kalimat direct speech yang menggunakan kalimat Perintah tanda petik yang ada pada Direct Speech dihilangkan kemudian dalam Indirect Speech diubah dengan “that” atau “to”. Contoh :

Direct Speech                   : She said, “I watch TV everyday”

Indirect Speech                : She said (that) She watched TV everyday

Ø  Untuk kalimat direct speech yang menggunakan kalimat tanya. Mak dirubah menjadi if/whether. Contoh :

Direct Speech             : He said, "Doe you want to mary me?"

Indirect Speech         : He asked me  if/whether she wants to mary her.

2.       Perubahan Tenses.

No	Direct Speech	Indirect Speech
01	Simple Present - V1 (eat)	Simple Past - V2 (ate)
02	Simple Past - V2 (ate)	Past Perfect - Had + V3 (had eaten)
03	Present Continous - Am/is/are	Past Continous - Was/were
04	Present - Do/does	Past Tense - Did
05	Do/does not	Did not
06	Did not	Had not + V3
07	Past Continous - Was/were	Past Perfect - Had been
08	Am/is/are + V-ing	Was/were + V-ing
09	Was/were +V-ing	Had been + V-ing
10	Has/have + V3	Had + V3
11	Future - Will/shall/can/may/must	Past Future - Would/should/could/might/had to
12	Could/might/should/would + V1/be	Could/might/should/would + have+ V3/been

3.       Kata Ganti Orang (Pronoun). Perubahan Pronoun tergantung kepada sabjek dan objek yang dipakai di direct speech (kalimat langsung).]

Ø  Kata ganti orang pertama (I dan We) pada Reported Speech. Contoh :

Direct                   : He said, “I am busy”.

Indirect               : He said that he was busy.

Ø  Kata ganti orang kedua (You) pada Reported Speech. Contoh :

Direct              : She said to me, “You can go”.

Indirect           : She told me that I could go.

Ø  Kata ganti orang ketiga (He, she, it dan they) yang berada pada Direct Speech tidak berubah ketika dirubah menjadi Indirect Speech. Contoh :

Direct             : He said, “She is a beautiful girl”.

Indirect           : He said that she was a beautiful girl.

4.       Keterangan waktu dan tempat (Adv.  of Time and Place).

Direct Speech	Indirect Speech
Now	Then
To day	That day
Tomorrow	The next day The day after The following day A day later
Next ...	The ... after The following ...
Last ...	The ... before The Previous ...
... ago	... before ... earlier
Yesterday	The day before The previous day The preceeding day
The day before yesterday	Two day before
Here	There
This	That
These	Those

Contoh :

Direct                   : He ordered me, “Bring my bag here now!”

Indirect           : He ordered me to bring his bag there then.

Sumber :

1.       English Grammar

2.       http://www.belajarbahasainggris.us/2012/04/penjelasan-direct-dan-indirect-speech.html